1865: John Wesley Hardin Gunned Down in an El Paso Saloon

John Wesley Hardin was one of the most feared gunfighters of the American Old West. Born in Texas in 1853 to a Methodist preacher, he killed his first man at 15 and spent the following decade evading lawmen across the South. Sentenced to 24 years for murder in 1877, Hardin claimed to have killed 42 men, though historians estimate the true figure exceeded 20. He studied law in prison and wrote a self-aggrandising autobiography, widely noted for its exaggerations.

Within a year of his 1894 release, Hardin was shot dead by constable John Selman in the Acme Saloon in El Paso. Hardin had been gambling, rolling dice at the bar, and his last words were reportedly “Four sixes to beat.” Moments later, Selman walked up behind him and shot him in the head. Hardin was 42 years old.

Portrait of outlaw John Wesley Hardin
Portrait of outlaw John Wesley Hardin

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1896: Butch Cassidy and the Wild Bunch Rob the Montpelier Bank

On August 13, 1896, Butch Cassidy rode into Montpelier, Idaho, with Elzy Lay and Bob Meeks, stopping at a saloon before walking into the state’s number one chartered bank. Cassidy and Lay forced teller A. N. Mackintosh to hand over gold, silver, and currency worth between $5,000 and $15,000, then ordered everyone to wait ten minutes before leaving. The local sheriff gave chase on a bicycle. Cassidy and his crew escaped easily on horseback.

It was one of the first robberies carried out by the newly formed Wild Bunch gang. Cassidy may have needed the money to cover court and attorney fees for former associate Matt Warner, convicted of killing two men in a gunfight. Kid Curry Logan also rode with the gang. The Montpelier bank has since been converted into a museum dedicated to the robbery.

Wanted Robert Leroy Parker known as Cassidy, was an American train, bank robber, and leader of the Wild Bunch Gang in the American Old West. On april 24 2014 in Tucson AZ | ID 176287673 © Meunierd | Dreamstime.com
ID 176287673 © Meunierd | Dreamstime.com

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1917: Tilly Devine Marries an Australian Soldier in London, Sealing a Turbulent Union

Matilda Twiss, born in Camberwell, London in 1900, married James Edward Devine, an Australian soldier serving in World War I, on 12 August 1917. Jim Devine, known as ‘Big Jim’, was a Victorian-born digger with a reputation for being sour and quick-tempered; Tilly was vivacious and already working as a prostitute. The pair were opposites in almost every way.

Tilly followed Jim to Sydney after the war, arriving in February 1920 and quickly building a criminal empire centred on Darlinghurst and Kings Cross. As the self-styled Queen of Woolloomooloo, she became one of the most notorious figures in the razor gang wars of the late 1920s and early 1930s. The marriage lasted 25 years before ending in divorce in 1943.

Portrait of Tilly Devine in 1925
Portrait of Tilly Devine in 1925

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1969: The Manson Family Kills to Ignite an Apocalyptic Race War

In the early hours of 9 August 1969, members of Charles Manson’s Family carried out the Tate murders at 10050 Cielo Drive in Los Angeles, leaving five dead. The killings were the first act in what Manson called Helter Skelter, an apocalyptic race war he had been prophesying since at least New Year’s Eve 1968, drawing on the Book of Revelation and the Beatles’ 1968 White Album. Manson believed the murders, staged to look like the work of Black militants, would ignite a war between the races from which the Family would emerge as rulers.

At trial, prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi used the testimony of Family member Paul Watkins to reconstruct the vision in full. Bugliosi later detailed the case in his 1974 book, Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders. Manson and three co-defendants were convicted on all charges of conspiracy and murder, though some writers, detectives, and even participants have since argued the killings were also driven by copycat motives or revenge for a bad drug deal.

Viersen, Germany - May 9. 2020: View on isolated book cover about story of manson murders with pile of books background | ID 197949551 © Ralf Liebhold | Dreamstime.com
ID 197949551 © Ralf Liebhold | Dreamstime.com

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On This Day in True Crime History
1891·The Mace, the Madam, and a Melbourne Scandal That Never Died
1959·Through a Chapel Ventilator: the Sydney Jailbreak That Triggered Australia's Biggest Manhunt
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