1923: Squizzy Taylor Walked Free While a Man Who Never Fired a Shot Hanged for a Melbourne Bank Murder

Thomas Berriman, manager of the Hawthorn branch of the Commercial Bank, was shot outside Glenferrie Station in Melbourne on this date while carrying £1,851 in bank funds to the head office. He died from the wound two weeks later.

Angus Murray was hanged for the killing, convicted as a principal even though it was his companion who actually pulled the trigger. Underworld figure Squizzy Taylor, swept up as the robbery’s alleged organiser, escaped a murder charge, convicted only of occupying a house frequented by thieves and serving six months.

The actual gunman, Richard Buckley, vanished for almost seven years before detectives traced him, bearded and living quietly, to a house in Moonee Ponds. His death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and in 1946, dying and in his eighties, he was released to spend his final days at home.

Commercial Bank branch where manager T R V Berriman was shot: 1923
Commercial Bank branch where manager T R V Berriman was shot: 1923

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1866: America’s First Train Robbery: the Reno Gang Strikes Near Seymour, Indiana

On the night of October 6, 1866, three members of the Reno Gang boarded an Ohio and Mississippi Railway train as it pulled out of Seymour, Indiana, overpowered the express guard and cracked open a safe holding roughly 16,000 dollars. They then shoved a second, heavier safe off the moving train for the rest of the gang to finish the job, but could not break it open before a posse closed in and they fled. It was, as far as anyone could tell, the first train robbery in American history.

The job, pulled off by brothers Frank, John, Simeon and William Reno, became the blueprint for a wave of copycat train robberies across the Midwest. Within two years the brothers paid for it dearly: dragged from jail cells by masked vigilantes and hanged, most of the gang’s stolen fortune never recovered.

Portrait of the Reno Brothers members of the Reno Gang train robbers
Portrait of the Reno Brothers members of the Reno Gang train robbers

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1829: The Birth of Scotland Yard: London Gets Its First Modern Police Force

Before 1829, London had no unified police, just a patchwork of parish constables and private watchmen who could barely keep pace with a city rife with theft, riot and violence. Home Secretary Robert Peel changed that, pushing through the Metropolitan Police Act and creating a single force answerable to the Crown rather than local vestries.

Its headquarters took its name from the street behind it, a quiet lane called Great Scotland Yard, and the name stuck long after the force outgrew the building. The new constables, soon nicknamed bobbies and peelers after their founder, were unarmed, uniformed and deeply distrusted at first by a public wary of state surveillance. Within decades Scotland Yard would become the model for modern policing worldwide, and its name a byword for criminal investigation itself.

Scotland Yard headquarters in London police force: 1929 centenary celebration
Scotland Yard headquarters in London police force: 1929 centenary celebration

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2011: Killed Behind Bars: Matthew Johnson Convicted of Murdering Gangland Assassin Carl Williams

Carl Williams had already been convicted of multiple murders during Melbourne’s gangland war when he was bashed to death with the stem of an exercise bike in a high-security unit at Victoria’s Barwon Prison in 2010, an inmate supposedly protected by round-the-clock surveillance.

Matthew Charles Johnson, a fellow prisoner sharing the unit, was charged with the killing. On this day in 2011 a jury found him guilty of murdering the man once considered one of the country’s most feared underworld figures, in an attack that exposed how little safety the prison’s most secure wing actually offered its most notorious inmate.

Gangland: more than a dictionary definition in Melbourne, 1998–2010.
Gangland: more than a dictionary definition in Melbourne, 1998–2010.

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On This Day in True Crime History

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