1888: Jack the Ripper Claims His First Victim in Whitechapel

Mary Ann Nichols, known as Polly, was 43 years old, a divorced mother of five, and homeless on the night she died. In the early hours of 31 August 1888, she went to the streets of Whitechapel, London, to earn money for a bed. Her body was found before 4 a.m., her throat slashed with a long-bladed knife and her abdomen deeply cut. There were no witnesses.

Nichols became the first of at least five women murdered in and around Whitechapel between late August and early November 1888 by the killer who would become known as Jack the Ripper. Her death ignited intense press and public interest in both the murders and the desperate living conditions of London’s East End.

Despite countless theories, the killer Jack The Ripper, has never been identified.

Illustration of PC Neil discovering the body of Mary Ann Nichols with his lantern. Unknown artist, 1888. Published in Famous Crimes Past and Present, c.1903. Public domain.
Illustration of PC Neil discovering the body of Mary Ann Nichols with his lantern. Unknown artist, 1888. Published in Famous Crimes Past and Present, c.1903. Public domain.

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1803: Constable Joseph Luker: the First Police Officer Killed on Duty in Australia

Constable Joseph Luker, a British convict transported to New South Wales on the Third Fleet in 1791, served out his sentence and joined the Night Watch, the colony’s fledgling police force. On the night of 25 August 1803, he was called to investigate a robbery at Mary Breeze’s brothel on Back Row East in Sydney, telling Breeze he believed he knew who was responsible.

His body was found before dawn behind the establishment, bearing sixteen wounds to the head. The guard of his own cutlass had been driven into his skull, and nearby lay a bloodied barrow wheel and the stolen desk. Surgeon John Harris concluded at least four weapons had been used. Though some of his fellow constables were implicated, no one was ever convicted of his murder. Luker remains the first police officer killed in the line of duty in the history of Australia.

Policing in convict NSW
Policing in convict NSW

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1973: Two Girls Vanish from Adelaide Oval in One of South Australia's Most Infamous Cold Cases

On 25 August 1973, Joanne Ratcliffe, aged 11, and Kirste Gordon, aged 4, disappeared from the Adelaide Oval during an Australian rules football match between Norwood and North Adelaide. Witnesses saw the girls in the company of a man in an Akubra hat and grey checked sports jacket. One witness, a confectionery vendor, watched the man carry Kirste in one arm while Joanne kicked and screamed at him to let her go. He dropped his reading glasses in the struggle, grabbed Joanne by the arm, and dragged her toward the southern gates. Bystanders assumed he was simply a parent.

Police believe both girls were abducted, and their disappearance has never been solved. South Australia Police and media have long linked the case to the 1966 disappearance of the Beaumont children, also from South Australia. The case remains one of the most haunting unsolved crimes in the country’s history.

Football Game at the Adelaide Oval - the ground in 1973 still had the old stands and the 1911 scoreboard seen here.
Football Game at the Adelaide Oval – the ground in 1973 still had the old stands and the 1911 scoreboard seen here.

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1980: Five Infant Bodies Found Hidden in a Gallitzin Attic for Over 50 Years

When 76-year-old Stella Williamson died of natural causes in Gallitzin, Pennsylvania on August 25, 1980, a sealed letter was found among her belongings. Written in the early 1960s, it was a confession: ‘In the attic in an old trunk you will find babies I had… How I got away with it I don’t know but I did.’ Investigators followed the letter to the attic, where they found the mummified remains of five infants, all under one year old, wrapped in newspapers dating from 1925 to 1933.

Examination by forensic experts including Dr. Halbert Fillinger and Dr. Wilton Krogman determined that at least three of the infants had been strangled, ligature material still present on their necks. The cause of death for the other two, believed to be newborns, was never conclusively established. Williamson, remembered by neighbours as kind and churchgoing, had kept her secret for more than half a century. The case resurfaced decades later when two of the infant skulls were mysteriously discovered at a Philadelphia museum.

Dusty Attic Trunk
Dusty Attic Trunk

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On This Day in True Crime History
1853·"I Would Finish You Now": Hanged in Melbourne for the Murder of His Mistress
1853·The Young Witness Testifies: Alexander Ram Hanged in Melbourne for Murdering Kitty Hennessy
1883·Hanged in Perth, Each Still Blaming the Other to the End
1885·Hanged in Brisbane After a Feverish Stockman Shot the Manager Who Denied Him Hospital
1888·Mutiny on the Brisbane River: the Captain Who Threatened to Turn His Guns on Parliament
1926·The Gold He Took to His Grave: Two Men Hanged in Fremantle for Killing Two Police Officers
More Crime On This Day →

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