1900: Outlawed by Government Decree: a Fugitive Was Shot Dead by Settlers, and a Coronial Jury Cheered the Killers

Joe Governor had been on the run for fifteen weeks when New South Wales declared him and his brother Jimmy outlaws under the Felons Apprehension Act, a law that stripped them of the right to surrender and made it lawful for any armed settler to shoot them dead. The brothers had been linked to a string of killings that winter, nine people dead across the colony, before the manhunt swept north toward Singleton.

At dawn on this day in 1900, brothers Joe and George Wilkinson found Joe asleep on their own property near Singleton and called on him to surrender. He woke, ran, and the men exchanged fire until he fell dead into a waterhole, the chase finally over after months of pursuit.

The coronial inquest that followed did more than clear the Wilkinsons of blame: it congratulated them, with the coroner thanking them for "ridding the country of so dangerous a brute" while the crowd outside broke into cheers. A rumour swept the town that Joe's head had been removed and preserved for identification; it was false, officials denied it emphatically, but the story continued to circulate.

Joe Governor newspaper illustration Evening News Sydney 1900
Joe Governor newspaper illustration Evening News Sydney 1900

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1953: Twin Brothers Who Became the After Dark Bandit, Unmasked by a Single Photograph

Peter and Doug Morgan, identical twins born in regional Victoria on this day in 1953, grew up to pull off more than twenty armed robberies across the state as the so-called After Dark Bandit, a single figure police hunted for two years without ever suspecting he was two men. Wearing matching clothes and disguises, the brothers struck rural banks and betting shops in towns just twenty minutes apart, sending detectives chasing a suspect who seemed able to be in two places at once. Their habit of striking near closing time and escaping into the bush under cover of darkness earned them their nickname.

The ruse unravelled on 27 April 1979, when Peter robbed the Heathcote bank for a third time and shot veteran constable Ray Koch twice, leaving him fighting for his life. Fleeing into the bush as nearly two hundred officers swarmed the area, he resurfaced the next morning walking through Bendigo with a suitcase, telling a suspicious unarmed constable, Rick Hasty, that he was headed to Melbourne to watch the football. Inside the case Hasty found a sawn-off shotgun, stolen cash and an old man's mask. When Morgan drew a pistol, he was unable to fire it, and as Hasty pinned him against a wall, he reportedly said, "You've got me, I just made you a hero."

The investigation took another extraordinary turn when detectives searching Peter's farm discovered a photograph of him sitting beside another man with the same face, moustache and sideburns. Detective Patrick Brear realised the truth and telephoned his partner: the elusive After Dark Bandit was not one man but two. Peter had an identical twin brother, Doug, and the pair had been using their matching appearances to outwit police for nearly two years.

After Dark Bandit(s)
After Dark Bandit(s)

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1865: A Desperate Shootout on a Lonely Road Unmasked "Yankee Tom" as a Wanted Killer

Thomas Menard, known on the road as "Yankee Tom", shot his mate James Sweeney dead in a hut near Warrnambool on 10 June 1865 after what witnesses later described as relentless taunting between the two men; some swore Sweeney had reached for a quarrying hammer the moment Menard raised a pick against him. Menard fled south and vanished.

Police lost his trail for weeks. He resurfaced near Wodonga under the alias James Barrett, arrested over an armed robbery, and when Sergeant Bambrick recognised him a gunfight broke out on the spot: pistols fired at close range until Bambrick wrenched his wrist down, burying the shot in the dirt, and clubbed him senseless with the butt of his own revolver.

Menard was committed for trial and convicted of Sweeney's murder. He was hanged at Geelong on this day in 1865, having told the court at his committal that he had nothing to say.

Shootout on a lonley road.
Shootout on a lonley road.

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1857: The Bullet That Shaved His Whiskers: "Long Mickey" Hanged at Oatlands for Murder

George Sturgeon, a settler near Oatlands in Tasmania, was found shot dead on a bush track in July 1856, killed by a gang of bushrangers after leaving home with money in his pocket. A huge reward sent police after the gang, including a notorious outlaw known as "Long Mickey", by then the self-styled terror of the Midland Districts.

He was finally cornered in a shepherd's hut over a year later and opened fire through the walls as police closed in. One shot passed clean through the thatch gripped in a pursuing constable's hand; a return shot shaved off part of Long Mickey's whisker, and he surrendered, begging not to be ill-used, as he knew he would hang for the Sturgeon killing.

Convicted after trial, he was hanged inside the gaol at Oatlands on 27 October 1857.

On the scaffold Long Mickey thanked the priest who had attended him, declared he had never committed murder, and insisted his companion had not killed anyone either, before asking those present to pray for his soul.

Abandoned farmhouse
Abandoned farmhouse

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On This Day in True Crime History

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