1858: Matthew Burns Hanged at Avoca for Assault in a Botched Double Execution

Matthew Burns, convicted of assault, and George Young, convicted of the murder of Esther Scott, were hanged together at the gaol in Avoca on 5 August 1858. Both men were attended by Catholic clergy until the final moment, clinging to every possible delay before the bolt was drawn.

The execution of Burns descended into a horror. The rope yarn used to pinion his arms gave way, allowing him to grasp the rope at his neck and resist the drop. The executioner was forced to physically compel Burns to release his hold before he finally fell, and he strangled slowly for several minutes after Young had died. The cause was later attributed to the authorities having refused to supply proper rope and twine, forcing the executioner to use whatever materials the gaol had on hand.

Neither man confessed from the scaffold, but neither protested his innocence. Both appeared, in the words of those present, to tacitly admit their guilt.

Avoca lockup

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1991: Sir Terence Lewis, Queensland Police Commissioner, Convicted of Corruption

Sir Terence Lewis, Commissioner of the Queensland Police Service from 1976 to 1987, was found guilty on 5 August 1991 of 15 counts of corruption and one of forgery, following the explosive Fitzgerald Inquiry into police misconduct. A District Court jury determined that Lewis had accepted bribes totalling $700,000 to protect brothels, SP bookmakers, illegal casinos, and gaming machine operators. He had been handpicked for the commissioner’s role in 1976 by Premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen, bypassing 122 more senior officers.

Judge Healy sentenced Lewis to the maximum term available: 14 years for corruption and 10 years for forgery, to be served concurrently. Lewis was stripped of his knighthood and two other awards. He continued to protest his innocence and pursued appeals until the last one failed in August 2005.

Terence Murray Lewis, Queensland Police Commissioner. © State of Queensland (Queensland Police Service); original photographer unknown. Retouched by Georgfotoart. Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0.

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1306: The Murder That Ended the Premysl Dynasty

On 4 August 1306, Bohemian King Wenceslas III was stabbed to death in Olomouc, cutting short the reign of a young ruler who had held the crowns of Hungary, Bohemia, and Poland. He was just 16 years old. His death extinguished the male line of the Premysl dynasty, a royal house that had shaped Central Europe since the ninth century.

With no male heir, the dynasty that had produced kings across three kingdoms collapsed in a single moment of violence. The Luxembourg clan seized Bohemia; the Piasts took Poland. The age of Premyslid rule was over.

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1265: The Murder of Evesham: Simon de Montfort Crushed at the Height of His Power

On 4 August 1265, the Battle of Evesham ended the Second Barons’ War in one of medieval England’s most decisive and brutal engagements. Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, had dominated royal government since his victory at Lewes the previous year, holding King Henry III and Prince Edward in captivity. But the defection of key allies and the escape of Prince Edward unravelled his position. Trapped in a loop of the River Avon near Evesham, Worcestershire, outnumbered two to one and deceived by captured banners flown to disguise the approaching royalist army, de Montfort knew his fate. His reported final words: ‘Our bodies are theirs, our souls are God’s.’

The battle was short and merciless. De Montfort was killed and his body mutilated. The contemporary chronicler Robert of Gloucester called it ‘the murder of Evesham, for battle it was none.’ Royal authority was restored, though pockets of resistance persisted until the Dictum of Kenilworth in 1267.

Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, dies in the Battle of Evesham.

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On This Day in True Crime History
1861·Nathaniel Ruby Hanged at Melbourne Gaol for the Murder of a Fellow Miner at Tarnagulla
1919·The Fitzroy Vendetta Erupts: Shots Fired into a Sly-Grog Shop, Squizzy Taylor Acquitted
1991·Sir Terence Lewis, Queensland Police Commissioner, Convicted of Corruption
More Crime On This Day

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