1849: Captain Beevor, the Celebrated Pioneer Settler, Murdered Near Port Lincoln

Captain James Beevor was one of the most respected and well liked pioneers of early South Australia: a former cavalry officer who had fought in the First Carlist War in Spain before carving out a remote sheep station with a partner beyond Port Lincoln. Known for his generosity, including toward the Aboriginal people living near his run, he was alone at the hut on 3 May 1849 when he was killed. His body was found without a mark of struggle, and the hut had been stripped of flour, blankets and clothing.

Two men were convicted of his killing. Rather than hang in the city, they were shipped back to the isolated station where Beevor had died and hanged from a gum tree on this day in 1849, a deliberate show of warning to the surrounding district.

One of the condemned confessed, moments before the drop fell, that he had delivered the fatal blow.

Aerial view of Port Lincoln Today on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia
Aerial view of Port Lincoln Today on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia

⬅ See all events from 9 November

1895: "Look, Jimmy": The Chilling Instant Before a Fatal Tomahawk Attack Near Mount Morgan, Hanged in Brisbane.

Jacky shared a meal with Jimmy Williams, a Javanese gardener living with his partner near Mount Morgan, then walked off and sharpened a tomahawk at a neighbouring camp. Returning, he offered to sell Williams his boots for two shillings, and when Williams said he had no money, Jacky said only "Look, Jimmy" before striking him in the face with the blade. Williams suffered six wounds to the head and hands and died in hospital the following night. Jacky admitted the killing to police within days, explaining it followed from accusations that he had given Williams's partner money and drink. When told that Williams had died from his injuries, Jacky replied, "Yes, it will make it worse for me. I thought that fellow would be alright." At trial, the judge openly doubted whether Jacky could understand the proceedings. Asked if he had anything to say before sentencing, Jacky offered no defence for the killing, instead repeating his claims about Williams's partner. He was convicted of murder and hanged in Brisbane on 4 November 1895.

Freshly sharpened
Freshly sharpened

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1791: Twenty Convicts and a Pregnant Woman Flee Parramatta, Convinced China Lay Just Over the River

Twenty male convicts newly arrived from Ireland, along with one pregnant woman, vanished from the settlement at Rose Hill, near Parramatta, on this day in 1791, taking their tools, bedding and a week's rations with them. Passing settlers who saw them pass asked where they were bound; the convicts answered that they were walking to China, certain that a great river lay only about a hundred miles to the north, beyond which a copper coloured people would receive and treat them kindly.

An officer and a detachment of troops were sent after them, tracing the group as far as the harbour before Sydney before losing the trail entirely. Within a week most had stumbled back starving and half naked, having survived on wild berries and shrubs, while one or two of the runaways were killed by spears from the people whose country they had wandered into.

Watkin Tench, recording the episode, could not resist a final barb: insisting he intended no "illiberal national reflection" on any people, he added that it was certain every one of the escapees was Irish.

Portrait of Watkin Tench: Narrator of the establishment of the Port Jackson colony(Sydney)
Portrait of Watkin Tench: Narrator of the establishment of the Port Jackson colony(Sydney)

⬅ See all events from 1 November

1820: Escaped Convict Turns on His Captor: A Fatal Stabbing on the Road to Newcastle

Burigon, a widely respected leader among the Aboriginal people near Newcastle, had helped track down an escaped convict named John Kirby and was escorting him back to the settlement when Kirby turned on him with a knife, driving the blade into his abdomen.

The wound proved fatal. Burigon lingered for eleven days before dying on 27 October 1820, a loss felt deeply in a district where relations between Aboriginal people and the colony had been better than elsewhere in NSW districts.

Aboriginal people of New South Wales(Burigon on left), c. 1817–1818. Artwork by Captain James Wallis and Joseph Lycett. Public domain. Source: State Library of New South Wales.
Aboriginal people of New South Wales(Burigon on left), c. 1817–1818. Artwork by Captain James Wallis and Joseph Lycett. Public domain. Source: State Library of New South Wales.

⬅ See all events from 27 October

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