1863: Fred Lowry Shot at Cook's Vale Creek: The Bushranger Who Died Game

Police raided a public house at Cook's Vale Creek, New South Wales, on 29 August 1863, where bushranger Fred Lowry emerged armed with two revolvers and exchanged gunfire with Senior-Sergeant Stephenson. Lowry, a gaunt six-foot man born in Windsor around 1836 to former convicts, had built a career of horse theft, mail-coach robbery, and prison escape, briefly riding with the Gardiner-Hall gang before forming his own bushranger outfit. Shot in the throat during the exchange, Lowry was captured along with accomplice Larry Cummins, who was found in bed with a loaded revolver. Stolen banknotes from the Mudgee mail were recovered at the scene. Lowry died from his wound the following day. His purported last words, 'Tell 'em I died game', cemented his place as the archetypal Australian bushranger.

Captured and shot.
Captured and shot.

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1870: William Brown Hanged at Toowoomba Gaol for Robbery Under Arms

William Brown, also known as Bertram, was hanged at Toowoomba Gaol on 29 August 1870 for robbery under arms at Mangalore. A German-born drifter who claimed to have left home at the age of twelve and reached Australia as a cabin boy, Brown was linked to a string of robberies in New South Wales and was reported to have spent several years with Gardiner’s gang in the Barrier Ranges. His identity was confirmed by the loss of his left eye, an injury sustained during an earlier term of imprisonment.

Throughout his final days, he refused to reveal his true name or identify his associates, remarking that his friends would probably never learn what had become of him. Brown was only twenty-one when he was executed.

Toowoomba Garden City welcome sign for Carnival of Flowers
Toowoomba Garden City welcome sign for Carnival of Flowers

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1909: Long Bay Gaol Opens on the Shores of Botany Bay

Sydney's Long Bay Gaol opened in 1909 on the shores of Botany Bay, and over the following century it would become one of the most storied prisons in the country. Its walls held razor gang queens Tilly Devine and Kate Leigh, escape artist Darcy Dugan, and gangsters Chow Hayes and Neddy Smith.

Long Bay also housed some of the darkest figures in modern Australian criminal history, including corrupt former detective Roger Rogerson and serial killer Ivan Milat, who died there in 2019. Russell 'Mad Dog' Cox staged a daring breakout from the prison's maximum-security unit, cementing the gaol's reputation as a place where Australia's most dangerous and notorious converged.

Historic prison buildings at Long Bay Gaol in Australia
Historic prison buildings at Long Bay Gaol in Australia

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1853: Henry Turner Hanged at Melbourne Gaol for Robbery and Murder

At Melbourne Gaol on 23 August 1853, Henry Turner and his accomplice John Smith were hanged for the murder of John Warren at Fryer's Creek. The two men had entered Warren's hut demanding gold, and when he could not produce it, they shot him in the eye with a revolver at close range. Warren was found blind and bleeding in the bush, groping through the scrub; he died shortly after from a bone splinter that had penetrated his brain.

Turner was attended in his final days by the Reverend Mr Studdert of St. James' Church, while Smith received the Catholic priests Fathers Shiel, Cunningham, and Hayes. Both men were executed before a considerable crowd, and neither had entertained any hope of reprieve.

Turner acknowledged the justice of his sentence before his death, as did Smith, who was brought to admit that the punishment he was about to suffer was just and merited.

View from below of historical gallows in Tombstone Arizona
View from below of historical gallows in Tombstone Arizona

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On This Day in True Crime History
1858·The Rope Broke, So They Hanged Him Again: Samuel Gibbs Executed in Melbourne for the Murder of His Wife
1858·He Named Four Innocent Men as the Killers: Hanged in Melbourne for a Ballarat Murder
1929·She Asked for a Kiss, Then Bled to Death: Frederick Carr Hanged in Adelaide for Murdering His Wife
1963·The Royal Commission That Cleared Brisbane Police, Then Unravelled as a Cover-up
More Crime On This Day →

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