2005: The Trial of Saddam Hussein Begins Over Crimes Against Humanity

Saddam Hussein, once the fifth president of Iraq, stood in the dock in Baghdad on this day in 2005 alongside seven co-defendants, charged with crimes against humanity before the newly formed Iraqi Special Tribunal. The man who had ruled Iraq for over two decades now faced judgement for the killings of civilians, a reversal few could have imagined just years earlier when he commanded absolute power.

The trial dragged on through outbursts, walkouts and the assassination of defence lawyers before Hussein was convicted. He was executed by hanging just over a year later, on 30 December 2006.

Baathist era 5 dinar Iraqi banknote with Saddam Hussein
Baathist era 5 dinar Iraqi banknote with Saddam Hussein

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1776: But One Life to Give: Nathan Hale Hanged as a Spy in New York City

Captain Nathan Hale, a young American officer serving under George Washington, was captured behind British lines on Long Island while gathering intelligence on troop movements ahead of the British occupation of New York City. Found with incriminating documents hidden in his boots, he was condemned without a formal trial and hanged by the British the following morning, on the orders of General William Howe.

Hale was reportedly denied the services of a clergyman and even a Bible in his final hours. He was hanged from a tree or ladder, with no gallows or drop, meaning death likely came slowly by strangulation rather than a broken neck.

His last words are reputed to have been, “I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country,” a line said to echo a sentiment from a play he had read, and one that transformed him into an enduring symbol of American revolutionary sacrifice despite his execution as a spy.

Nathan Hale statue detail with partial quote I have but one
Nathan Hale statue detail with partial quote I have but one

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1877: Crazy Horse Fatally Bayoneted at Fort Robinson

Crazy Horse, the celebrated Lakota war leader who had helped defeat George Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn just a year earlier, was fatally stabbed with a bayonet at Fort Robinson, Nebraska, on 5 September 1877. He was 36 years old.

He had surrendered to U.S. Army forces earlier that year, ending years of armed resistance on the northern plains. Brought to the fort under the pretence of a meeting, he was seized and stabbed during a struggle, dying that night. The killing marked the end of one of the most formidable military careers in the history of the Lakota people.

Crazy Horse and his band of Indians on their way to surrender (1877)
Crazy Horse and his band of Indians on their way to surrender (1877)

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991: Ealdorman Byrhtnoth Killed as Vikings Crush the Saxons at Maldon

On 11 August 991, a Viking force under Norwegian king Olaf Tryggvason met the Anglo-Saxon fyrd of Essex at Maldon, on the Essex coast. Ealdorman Byrhtnoth, around sixty years old and said to stand nearly seven feet tall with swan-white hair, commanded the Saxon defence. In a fateful act of chivalric pride, he permitted the Vikings to cross a tidal causeway to fight on open ground. The decision proved catastrophic: Byrhtnoth fell in the battle, reportedly taking three men to kill, one of them nearly severing his arm.

The defeat became one of the defining disasters of late Anglo-Saxon England, accelerating the payment of Danegeld to Viking raiders. Byrhtnoth was buried at Ely Abbey, a monastery he had richly endowed with villages and lands. His widow presented the abbey with an embroidered tapestry commemorating his deeds. The battle inspired a celebrated Old English poem, and when his remains were examined in 1781, his skeleton confirmed the legendary stature: 6 feet 9 inches in height.

The Statue of Byrhtnoth at the end of Maldon Promenade in Essex, England | ID 211153857 © Jonathanritchie1990 | Dreamstime.com
ID 211153857 © Jonathanritchie1990 | Dreamstime.com

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On This Day in True Crime History
1853·"I Would Finish You Now": Hanged in Melbourne for the Murder of His Mistress
1853·The Young Witness Testifies: Alexander Ram Hanged in Melbourne for Murdering Kitty Hennessy
1883·Hanged in Perth, Each Still Blaming the Other to the End
1885·Hanged in Brisbane After a Feverish Stockman Shot the Manager Who Denied Him Hospital
1888·Mutiny on the Brisbane River: the Captain Who Threatened to Turn His Guns on Parliament
1926·The Gold He Took to His Grave: Two Men Hanged in Fremantle for Killing Two Police Officers
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