Within hours of his execution, the body of bushranger George Melville was handed to his widow, decorated with ribbons and laid out in the window of their oyster shop in Little Bourke Street. The Argus called it a disgusting and inhuman act, presuming it was staged simply to draw in customers.

Melville had been hanged at Melbourne Gaol alongside William Atkins and George Wilson for the Private Escort gold robbery near Kalkallo, an ambush that left four mounted troopers shot, one of them fired on again as he lay wounded on the road. All three had been identified after an accomplice turned informer to the police before taking his own life with a razor.

None of the condemned made a clear confession. Wilson used his final moments on the scaffold to forgive the witnesses who had convicted him, while Melville, claiming the crowd could not hear him, simply said he could not make himself heard and wished them all a very good morning.

Victorian gold escort arriving in Melbourne 1852.
Victorian gold escort arriving in Melbourne 1852.

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On Warland’s Range near Murrurundi in April 1863, a masked rider named Henry Wilson held up a party of drovers and stripped young Peter Clarke of his watch and chain. When Clarke lunged at him, Wilson shot him three times; Clarke was dead within minutes. So furious was the crowd that gathered at the scene that police had to physically stop them from hanging Wilson on the nearest tree.

He was tried instead at Maitland Circuit Court, where his counsel argued the fatal shot had gone off accidentally in the struggle. The jury took ten minutes to convict him, and he was hanged at East Maitland Gaol on 2 October 1863. Clarke’s bravery was later honoured with a public monument erected on the spot where he fell.

Wilson admitted firing the shots but denied meaning to kill, blaming drink and panic in the scuffle; still, he told his priest he accepted the justice of his sentence and deserved to die.

Peter Clarke monument, Warland’s Range, near Blandford, NSW. Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales, At Work and Play - 05492.
Peter Clarke monument, Warland’s Range, near Blandford, NSW. Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales, At Work and Play – 05492.

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In September 1866 a boy’s dog began scratching at a rubbish heap near Sussex Street in Sydney, and uncovered a charred, half-roasted human head. Further searching turned up the dismembered chest of a woman, but no other remains were ever found, and no one in the city had reported her missing.

At the inquest a young doctor testified that the head wounds had killed her almost instantly, and that her body had been carefully dissected and burned afterwards, evidently by someone with real anatomical skill, in an apparent effort to destroy any means of identifying her. The jury returned a verdict of wilful murder against a person or persons unknown, and the government posted a reward of two hundred pounds, offering a pardon to any accomplice willing to name the killer.

Close to the scene of the crime: Barker & Co. Mills, corner of Sussex and Bathurst Streets, Sydney, before June 1872. Possibly photographed by Charles Pickering. State Library of New South Wales, SPF/484.
Close to the scene of the crime: Barker & Co. Mills, corner of Sussex and Bathurst Streets, Sydney, before June 1872. Possibly photographed by Charles Pickering. State Library of New South Wales, SPF/484.

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When the Dutch East India Company ship Batavia wrecked on a reef off Western Australia in 1629, disgraced merchant Jeronimus Cornelisz seized control of the survivors stranded on the barren Houtman Abrolhos islands. Fearing his crimes would be exposed once rescue came, he set his followers to killing anyone who might oppose him or drain the group’s meagre food and water. Over the following weeks his men murdered at least 125 men, women and children, drowning some and butchering others, while a small band of soldiers under Wiebbe Hayes held out against them on a nearby island.

When commander Francisco Pelsaert finally returned with a rescue ship, Cornelisz had already been captured. He and six of his men were hanged on Long Island in the Houtman Abrolhos on 2 October 1629, the first Europeans executed on Australian soil; Cornelisz had both hands amputated before he was strung up. Two lesser offenders were marooned on the mainland instead, becoming the first Europeans known to live in Australia.

Confessions were extracted from several of the mutineers under torture before the executions were carried out.

From Shipwreck to Massacre on Beacon Island
From Shipwreck to Massacre on Beacon Island

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On This Day in True Crime History
1794·The First Free Settler Murdered in the Colony: Hanged at Sydney for a Parramatta Stabbing
1826·The Gun That Misfired Twice: Three Bushrangers Hanged Outside Sydney
1873·A Tearful Confession in Custody Cracked the Case: Two Men Hanged at Perth Gaol for Eating their Victim
1889·He Called It an Accident. The Jury Called It Murder: Robert Landells Hanged at Melbourne Gaol
1907·A Doctor Fooled Twice: Martha Rendell and the Second Child to Die of Diphtheria
2002·Shot Dead in His Own Bed: A Melbourne Gangland Killing Blamed on a Friend
More Crime On This Day →

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