Four masked men broke into a farmhouse outside Sydney on the night of 30 September 1816, and when John Miller rose from his fireside chair a musket went off, killing him in front of his wife and four children.

One of the raiders, Colin Hunter, turned on his companion moments later outside the house, snarling that “that murdering villain” Thomas Dooley had shot the man. But when the guns were examined, it was Hunter’s own gun that had been discharged. It made no difference under the law: Hunter, Dooley and Michael Ryan had all gone there armed and masked to rob the house, which made each of them equally guilty of murder, alongside a fourth man, George Fuller, who turned Crown evidence against them.

Convicted within days, Hunter, Dooley and Ryan were hanged in Sydney on this day in 1816, their bodies afterwards handed over for dissection.

On the way to the gallows, Ryan led his companions in prayer, and all three were said to have met their deaths with sincere contrition.

Interior of Settler's Hut in Australia, John Skinner Prout, 1849. National Library of Australia
Interior of Settler’s Hut in Australia, John Skinner Prout, 1849. National Library of Australia

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Emma Williams, a young widow living in South Melbourne, told the man she was living with that her toddler son John had become “a nuisance”. One Sunday evening in August 1895, she carried him down the Port Melbourne pier, tied a stone weighing nearly 15 pounds to his frock with braid torn from her own dress, and dropped him into the lagoon.

She told her housemates she had given the boy to a Salvation Army woman, but when her lover read a newspaper report of a child’s body pulled from the water and confronted her, she broke. “I have only to say: I done it,” she told detectives. She described waiting half an hour by the water to see whether her son would surface, admitting she felt nothing but relief when he did not.

Williams made a full confession to police, declaring, “I will tell you everything from first to last.” A jury convicted her of murder within twenty minutes, and she was hanged in Melbourne on 4 November 1895.

Emma Williams: Public Record Office Victoria, Central Register of Female Prisoners, VPRS 516/P0000, 5926–6415 (1891–1896)
Emma Williams: Public Record Office Victoria, Central Register of Female Prisoners, VPRS 516/P0000, 5926–6415 (1891–1896)

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Frank Tiniala, a Manilla-born man living on Thursday Island, had accused his wife Amelia of infidelity and threatened her for days before he cornered her with a knife in a neighbour’s house on the night of 2 July 1895. Senior-Constable Conroy ran in at her screams and was stabbed eight times in the struggle that followed, yet he held on to Tiniala, dragged him through the house to the street and handed him to another officer, gasping, “Take him; he has killed me,” before collapsing. He died within hours.

Tiniala was tried for Conroy’s murder; his lawyers argued he had been running amuck and was not responsible for his actions, but the jury convicted him and he was sentenced to death. He was hanged in Brisbane on this day in 1895.

According to the attending clergy, Tiniala was deeply affected on the scaffold and went to his death contrite.

Frank Tiniala: Queensland State Archives, Item ID ITM654070, Digital Image DR18920
Frank Tiniala: Queensland State Archives, Item ID ITM654070, Digital Image DR18920

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Jacky shared a meal with Jimmy Williams, a Javanese gardener living with his partner near Mount Morgan, then walked off and sharpened a tomahawk at a neighbouring camp. Returning, he offered to sell Williams his boots for two shillings, and when Williams said he had no money, Jacky said only “Look, Jimmy” before striking him in the face with the blade. Williams suffered six wounds to the head and hands and died in hospital the following night.    Jacky admitted the killing to police within days, explaining it followed from accusations that he had given Williams’s partner money and drink. When told that Williams had died from his injuries, Jacky replied, “Yes, it will make it worse for me. I thought that fellow would be alright.”    At trial, the judge openly doubted whether Jacky could understand the proceedings. Asked if he had anything to say before sentencing, Jacky offered no defence for the killing, instead repeating his claims about Williams’s partner. He was convicted of murder and hanged in Brisbane on 4 November 1895.

Freshly sharpened
Freshly sharpened

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On This Day in True Crime History
1816·He Blamed His Mate for the Shot, But It Was His Own Gun That Fired: Triple Hanging in Sydney
1895·"Look, Jimmy": The Chilling Instant Before a Fatal Tomahawk Attack Near Mount Morgan, Hanged in Brisbane.
1895·"A Feeling of Relief": Hanged in Melbourne for Drowning a Family Member
1993·11-04 | 1993 Two More Victims Discovered: The Backpacker Murders in the Forest South-West of Sydney
More Crime On This Day →

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