1982: A Dingo Took My Baby: Lindy Chamberlain Convicted of Murdering Her Daughter

Lindy Chamberlain said a dingo had carried her baby daughter Azaria from the family's tent near Ayers Rock in August 1980. Few believed her. The claim became a national punchline, pored over in tabloids and dinner table arguments alike, and police built a case on bloodstains in the family car and a mother's supposedly too-calm demeanour.

She was convicted of murder on this day in 1982 and sentenced to life with hard labour, while her husband was convicted as an accessory. The trial turned almost entirely on forensic evidence that would later unravel.

More than three years after her conviction, searchers looking for the remains of a tourist who had fallen from Uluru discovered Azaria's missing matinee jacket, partially buried near a dingo lair. Lindy Chamberlain had always insisted her daughter was wearing the jacket when she disappeared, a claim prosecutors had dismissed as a fabrication.

Her conviction was quashed in 1988, and she was formally exonerated, a dingo had taken her baby after all.

Dingo
Dingo

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1964: Eric Edgar Cooke Hanged in Fremantle: the Serial Killer Whose Confessions Freed Two Innocent Men

Eric Edgar Cooke terrorised Perth through the late 1950s and early 1960s, eventually confessing to eight murders and fourteen attempted murders, including five people shot during a single Australia Day rampage. He also admitted to more than 250 burglaries, recalling with uncanny precision the number and denomination of coins stolen in each one.

His confessions carried a far darker twist: they cleared two men already tried, convicted and imprisoned for murders Cooke now claimed as his own. He was ultimately convicted of killing John Lindsay Sturkey, one of his victims, after pleading not guilty on grounds of insanity.

Cooke was hanged in Fremantle on this day in 1964.

He never denied his crimes, confessing fully and in exacting detail to police before his execution.

Fremantle Prison Western Australia: the gallows where 44 people were hanged including the last: Serial killer Eric Edgar Cooke in 1964.
Fremantle Prison Western Australia: the gallows where 44 people were hanged including the last: Serial killer Eric Edgar Cooke in 1964.

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1989: The Confession That Was Buried for 12 Years: the Guildford Four Finally Freed

The Guildford Four were four young people wrongly convicted over a pub bombing campaign carried out by the IRA in Guildford, England, in 1974, and sentenced to life in prison after detectives extracted confessions during lengthy, uncharged interrogations. Three of the convicted were in their early twenties; the youngest was still a teenager.

Within a few years an IRA unit known as the Balcombe Street Gang admitted in custody that they, not the four, had carried out the attack, but the confession was dismissed and the convictions stood. It took more than a decade, and the discovery that police had secretly rewritten interview notes to match the statements used at trial, before the case collapsed. On 19 October 1989, after 15 years behind bars, the Guildford Four walked free.

Gerry Conlon, One of the Guildford Four, wrongly jailed for the Guildford pub bombings in Surrey, England, at a book launch in London on June 11, 1990. | ID 11134005 © David Fowler | Dreamstime.com
ID 11134005 © David Fowler | Dreamstime.com

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1907: A Doctor Fooled Twice: Martha Rendell and the Second Child to Die of Diphtheria

Seven year old Olive Morris died on this day in East Perth, her throat swabbed raw, just as her older sister Annie had died months before. Both times the family doctor, Cuthbert, signed the same death certificate: diphtheria. Both times he was wrong.

What the certificate did not record was hydrochloric acid, swabbed onto the children's throats by their father's partner, Martha Rendell, under the guise of treating illness. The pattern would not be noticed for two more years, until a third child in the household died the same way and police finally ordered the earlier graves reopened.

The exhumations in 1909 revealed what two death certificates had missed, and set in motion the case that would end with Rendell on the gallows.

Martha Rendell
Martha Rendell

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