1894: Caught Serving Poisoned Tea: Martha Needle Hanged in Melbourne for a Family Poisoning Spree

Martha Needle had already buried her husband and both young daughters, each death blamed on a mysterious wasting illness, when she turned her attention to the family of her fiance, Otto Juncken. Months before her arrest she fed his brother Louis arsenic, and when his only surviving brother also sickened, doctors found arsenic disguised as rat poison in his vomit. Police lay in wait and caught Needle in the act, offering him a cup of tea laced with ten grains of poison.

Tried for Louis's murder, her lawyer argued that she suffered fits of unconsciousness and should not be held responsible, but an insanity plea was dismissed. Convicted with no recommendation for mercy, Needle was hanged in Melbourne on 22 October 1894. Exhumations later found arsenic in the bodies of her husband and both daughters as well, confirming a killing spree that had gone undetected for years. She left everything she owned to Otto, the man who had stood by her to the end.

Martha Needle: Public Record Office Victoria, VPRS 516/P0000, Central Register of Female Prisoners, register nos. 5926–6415 (1891–1896).
Martha Needle: Public Record Office Victoria, VPRS 516/P0000, Central Register of Female Prisoners, register nos. 5926–6415 (1891–1896).

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1979: The Hillside Strangler Was Two Men: Kenneth Bianchi Named His Own Cousin to Save Himself

Kenneth Bianchi confessed to being the Hillside Strangler, but he did not go down alone. To save himself, he named his older cousin, Angelo Buono, as his accomplice, and on this day in 1979 Buono was arrested in Los Angeles.

The betrayal inverted everything investigators assumed about the case. It was Buono, not Bianchi, who turned out to be the predatory sexual sadist and driving force behind their partnership, having first drawn his younger cousin into crime years earlier by suggesting they go into business together as pimps. That shared criminal history curdled into a killing spree, and when the pressure of capture came, it was Bianchi who broke family loyalty to shift the blame onto the man who had led him there.

Hillside Strangler: Aerial view of rush hour traffic on the 101 Ventura Freeway
Hillside Strangler: Aerial view of rush hour traffic on the 101 Ventura Freeway

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1965: The Moors Murders: John Kilbride Found on Saddleworth Moor, Identified Only by His Clothes

John Kilbride had vanished the previous November after leaving a Lancashire market, one of several victims to disappear from the Manchester area without explanation. Nearly a year later, on 21 October 1965, police dug up his badly decomposed remains on Saddleworth Moor; so little remained that he could only be identified by his clothing.

The discovery came the same day Ian Brady and Myra Hindley appeared in court charged with the murder of another victim, Lesley Ann Downey. Kilbride's body on the moor would soon tie the pair to a second killing, as the full scale of what became known as the Moors Murders began to emerge.

Graves on Saddleworth Moor in England
Graves on Saddleworth Moor in England

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1986: Forced to Write Home That She Had Gone Away: a Perth Murder by the Birnies

Susannah Candy was walking home along Stirling Highway in Perth when she accepted a lift from David and Catherine Birnie, unaware of the danger awaiting her. She was taken to the couple's home, held captive and forced to write letters to her family claiming she had run away to Queensland with friends.

On 20 October 1986, Susannah was murdered by the couple, who subsequently buried her body in a shallow grave in a State Forest. The letters, posted from Perth and Fremantle, led her family to believe she was safe for weeks, concealing the terrible truth of what had happened to her.

Girl writing a letter on white paper with a black pen
Girl writing a letter on white paper with a black pen

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